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The influence of postural ontogenesis on morphological development of trunk
Hladíková, Veronika ; Kobesová, Alena (advisor) ; Šafářová, Marcela (referee)
This bachelor thesis engages in an influence of postural ontogenesis on formation of anatomical structures of trunk. Postural ontogenesis depends on maturation of the central nervous system, which stimulates automatic, accurately timed recruitment of muscles to posture. At the same time with postural muscle activation, morphogenesis of the skeleton is finishing. As a consequence of abnormal motor development, there are deviations in bone shape and in setting of joints. The thesis is focused on the description of a morphological development of spinal curves, thorax and abdominal wall. The development of cervical lordosis and the shape of the upper part of thorax is linked to the development of motor functions of upper limbs. The significant milestone is an ability to lift and hold head above the surface in prone position. The development of lumbar lordosis and the shape of the lower part of thorax is determined by motor functions of lower limbs, which are firstly manifested by lifting lower limbs in supine position. The development of sitting, stance and gait plays a crucial role. The development of abdominal wall is assessed by presence, or rather absence of diastasis recti abdominis, which is related to the quality of muscle coordination in this area. Practical part of the thesis devotes to...
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Prevention of postural defects in the population
Langmajerová, Jana ; Müllerová, Dana (advisor) ; Novák, Jaroslav (referee) ; Dlouhý, Pavel (referee)
This dissertation aims at verifying methodology used for somatographic evaluation of the shape and statics of the spine. The potential of the methodology verified lies in increased objectivity of upright body posture evaluation and thereby contributes to the specification of preventative measures for postural defects, and their consequences. Under a cross-sectional pilot study, a non-invasive somatographic method-a diagnostic DPT-3 system designated for spine shape diagnostics-was used to examine selected biomechanical parameters (spinal curves and statics in the sagittal plane in the upright position) in a total of 508 probands. Of this, 326 were school-age children and 182 adults. Among the key parameters monitored were: Cl (depth of cervical lordosis); LI (depth of lumbar lordosis); the sagittal balance of Cl/Ll, and VThk (distance of the peak of the thoracic kyphosis from the ideal verticals-IV). A questionnaire was used to evaluate the level of movement activity in probands and the relation between the occurrence of painful back and headaches and the measurement of biomechanical parameters and movement activity. A total of 81.3 % of children and 94.5 % of adults were found to have deviations from the biomechanically ideal posture model, which signals a postural defect. The values of the Cl (p...
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Prevention of postural defects in the population
Langmajerová, Jana ; Müllerová, Dana (advisor) ; Novák, Jaroslav (referee) ; Dlouhý, Pavel (referee)
This dissertation aims at verifying methodology used for somatographic evaluation of the shape and statics of the spine. The potential of the methodology verified lies in increased objectivity of upright body posture evaluation and thereby contributes to the specification of preventative measures for postural defects, and their consequences. Under a cross-sectional pilot study, a non-invasive somatographic method-a diagnostic DPT-3 system designated for spine shape diagnostics-was used to examine selected biomechanical parameters (spinal curves and statics in the sagittal plane in the upright position) in a total of 508 probands. Of this, 326 were school-age children and 182 adults. Among the key parameters monitored were: Cl (depth of cervical lordosis); LI (depth of lumbar lordosis); the sagittal balance of Cl/Ll, and VThk (distance of the peak of the thoracic kyphosis from the ideal verticals-IV). A questionnaire was used to evaluate the level of movement activity in probands and the relation between the occurrence of painful back and headaches and the measurement of biomechanical parameters and movement activity. A total of 81.3 % of children and 94.5 % of adults were found to have deviations from the biomechanically ideal posture model, which signals a postural defect. The values of the Cl (p...
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The influence of postural ontogenesis on morphological development of trunk
Hladíková, Veronika ; Kobesová, Alena (advisor) ; Šafářová, Marcela (referee)
This bachelor thesis engages in an influence of postural ontogenesis on formation of anatomical structures of trunk. Postural ontogenesis depends on maturation of the central nervous system, which stimulates automatic, accurately timed recruitment of muscles to posture. At the same time with postural muscle activation, morphogenesis of the skeleton is finishing. As a consequence of abnormal motor development, there are deviations in bone shape and in setting of joints. The thesis is focused on the description of a morphological development of spinal curves, thorax and abdominal wall. The development of cervical lordosis and the shape of the upper part of thorax is linked to the development of motor functions of upper limbs. The significant milestone is an ability to lift and hold head above the surface in prone position. The development of lumbar lordosis and the shape of the lower part of thorax is determined by motor functions of lower limbs, which are firstly manifested by lifting lower limbs in supine position. The development of sitting, stance and gait plays a crucial role. The development of abdominal wall is assessed by presence, or rather absence of diastasis recti abdominis, which is related to the quality of muscle coordination in this area. Practical part of the thesis devotes to...
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